长管呼吸器常用术语包含清洗、消毒、清洁、灭菌四个部分，长管呼吸器又称之为长管式防毒面罩。长管呼吸器主要是借助人的肺力吸入经过滤的新鲜空气，达到保护人体呼吸系统的安全防护装备。长管呼吸器广泛应用于化工业、石油业、船舶维修喷漆、自来水、煤气及实验室等行业。

清洗：从物体和表面上去除所有污渍（有机物和无机物）和异物的过程。典型做法是用水和机械方法完成，并会辅助以洗涤剂。

Cleaning：Removal of all soil (organic and inorganic) and foreign material from objects and surfaces. This is typically accomplished with water and mechanical action. Detergents may be used to assist the process.

注：未能彻底清除物体表面的异物（污渍、润滑剂等）会使消毒失效。

Note：Failure to remove foreign material (soil, lubricants, etc.) from an object can make the disinfecting process ineffective.

消毒：抑制或摧毁致病性微生物的处理过程，但可能无法杀灭细菌孢子，通常使用化学药剂、加热和/或紫外线照射等方式，分三类：高水平消毒、中等水平消毒和低等水平消毒。

Disinfecting：A process of inhibiting or destroying disease-producing microorganisms, but may not kill bacterial spores. It usually involves the use of chemicals, heat and/or ultraviolet light and is divided into three categories: high, intermediate and low level disinfection.

清洁：在一个无生物的物体表面降低微生物数量，使之达到“安全”水平的过程，但可能不会杀灭致病微生物，例如，餐盘和饮食器具通常采取清洁的处理。

Sanitizing：A process to reduce the number of microorganisms on an inanimate object to “safe” levels, but may not destroy disease-producing organisms, e.g., dishes and eating utensils are normally sanitized.

灭菌：使一个产品完全不存在任何形式的可繁殖的微生物，而且结果得到确认的处理过程，微生物包括细菌、病毒、孢子和霉菌。

Sterilizing：A validated process to render a product free of all forms of viable microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi.

注：实施有效灭菌之前必须对物品进行彻底清洗。

Note：Items must be thoroughly cleaned before effective sterilization can occur.

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